Chancroid: Symptoms, Causes, Testing & Treatment

Chancroid does not usually resolve on its own and can persist or worsen without antibiotic treatment. Untreated infection may lead to prolonged ulceration, pain, and swollen lymph nodes that can form abscesses. In some cases, it can also increase the risk of transmitting or acquiring other sexually transmitted infections. If you notice genital ulcers or related symptoms, it is advisable to seek prompt medical assessment for diagnosis and treatment.

Antibiotics are the main treatment for chancroid, and the choice depends on individual factors and local resistance patterns. Commonly prescribed options include azithromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and erythromycin, which help eliminate Haemophilus ducreyi and promote healing of the ulcers. Always complete the full course as prescribed and follow your doctor's guidance to ensure full recovery and prevent reinfection or transmission.

Chancroid and syphilis are both sexually transmitted infections that cause genital ulcers, but they are caused by different bacteria and require different treatments. Chancroid results from Haemophilus ducreyi and produces painful, soft ulcers, while syphilis is caused by Treponema pallidum and usually presents with a single, painless sore. Because their symptoms can overlap, proper testing is necessary to confirm the diagnosis and guide appropriate treatment.

Chancroid can be mistaken for other sexually transmitted infections that cause genital sores, such as syphilis, herpes simplex virus (HSV), or lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV). The ulcers may appear similar, making clinical diagnosis difficult without laboratory testing. Accurate testing is important to distinguish chancroid from these conditions, as each infection requires a different treatment approach. If you are experiencing symptoms or suspect a chancroid infection, it is advisable to consult a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.

The first signs of chancroid usually appear within a week of exposure and include small red bumps on the genital area that quickly develop into painful ulcers. These sores have irregular edges and a soft, yellowish base. Swelling and tenderness in the groin may also occur as the infection progresses. If you develop painful genital ulcers or lumps in the groin, it is advisable to seek medical attention promptly.

A chancre is a firm, round, and usually painless sore that appears during the early stage of syphilis. It typically develops at the site of infection, such as the genitals, anus, or mouth, and may have a smooth or slightly raised edge. Chancres differ from chancroid ulcers, which are soft, painful, and have irregular borders. If you notice a genital sore, it is advisable to seek medical evaluation for proper diagnosis.

Chancroid is now uncommon in most developed countries but remains more prevalent in parts of Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean. Its decline is largely attributed to improved STI screening, antibiotic availability, and public health measures. However, sporadic outbreaks may still occur, particularly in regions with limited access to healthcare. Individuals who engage in unprotected sex or have multiple sexual partners are generally at greater risk of contracting the infection.

Chancroid cannot be transmitted from toilet seats, towels, or casual contact. The infection spreads only through direct skin-to-skin contact during vaginal, anal, or oral sex with an infected person. The bacteria that cause chancroid, Haemophilus ducreyi, do not survive well outside the human body. Practising safer sex and regular STI testing helps lower the risk of infection.

A person with chancroid remains contagious as long as open sores or ulcers are present. The infection can spread through sexual contact until the lesions heal completely, which usually occurs within one to two weeks after appropriate antibiotic treatment. Avoiding sexual activity during this period helps prevent transmission. If you have genital ulcers or pain, it is advisable to see a doctor promptly for testing and treatment.

Chancroid cannot be treated effectively at home and requires prescription antibiotics to eliminate the infection. Home care may help relieve discomfort, such as keeping the area clean, avoiding irritants, and abstaining from sexual contact until the sores heal. However, medical treatment is necessary to prevent complications and transmission. If you suspect chancroid or notice genital ulcers, it is best to seek medical attention promptly.

Amoxicillin and doxycycline are not typically recommended for treating chancroid, as Haemophilus ducreyi may not respond effectively to these antibiotics. Standard treatment usually involves azithromycin, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, or erythromycin, which are more reliable for clearing the infection and promoting healing. Always follow your doctor's prescribed antibiotic plan, as incomplete or inappropriate treatment can delay recovery and increase the risk of complications.

A chancroid diagnosis is made through both clinical examination and laboratory testing. The doctor assesses the appearance of genital ulcers and excludes other possible causes such as syphilis or herpes. Confirmation may involve detecting Haemophilus ducreyi through culture or molecular testing, although such tests are not always accessible. If you develop genital sores or pain, it is advisable to consult a doctor for proper evaluation and treatment.

With appropriate antibiotic treatment, chancroid sores usually begin to heal within one to two weeks. The duration of recovery may vary depending on the severity of the ulcers and whether abscesses or other complications are present. Follow-up testing may be advised to ensure the infection has fully cleared. Avoiding sexual contact until all sores have healed helps prevent reinfection or transmission to others.