Gardnerella Vaginalis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

A positive test for Gardnerella vaginalis indicates an overgrowth of this bacterium, often associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). It does not necessarily mean you have a sexually transmitted infection, as G. vaginalis can exist naturally in the vagina. Treatment may be recommended by your doctor to restore bacterial balance and relieve symptoms.

Having Gardnerella vaginalis is not inherently harmful, as it can be part of the normal vaginal microbiota. However, when it multiplies excessively, it may lead to bacterial vaginosis (BV), which can cause discharge, odour, or discomfort. Untreated BV may increase the risk of complications such as pelvic infections or pregnancy-related issues. If symptoms occur or persist, or you suspect BV, it is advisable to seek medical evaluation for diagnosis and treatment.

No, Gardnerella vaginalis overgrowth causes bacterial vaginosis, not a yeast infection. BV results from an imbalance of vaginal bacteria, while yeast infections are caused by the overgrowth of fungi, typically Candida albicans. Though both may cause vaginal irritation or discharge, their treatments differ, as BV is usually managed with antibiotics to restore bacterial balance, while yeast infections are treated with antifungal medications to reduce fungal growth.

Gardnerella vaginalis is not considered a typical sexually transmitted infection. It can occur in both sexually active and inactive individuals, as it arises from changes in the natural vaginal microbiome rather than direct transmission. However, sexual activity, particularly with new or multiple partners, may increase the likelihood of bacterial imbalance and recurrence.

Yes, Gardnerella vaginalis overgrowth can resolve with appropriate antibiotic treatment, which helps restore healthy bacterial balance. In some cases, BV may recur, particularly if underlying factors such as hormonal changes or sexual activity contribute to imbalance. Maintaining good vaginal hygiene and completing prescribed treatment can reduce recurrence. If you experience symptoms or suspect BV caused by Gardnerella, it is advisable to seek medical evaluation and treatment.

Yes, a strong, fish-like odour is one of the most recognisable symptoms of bacterial vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginalis. The odour often becomes more noticeable after sexual intercourse due to changes in vaginal pH. While this symptom is common, some individuals may experience BV without any smell. If you notice persistent vaginal odour or discharge, it is best to consult a doctor for evaluation and treatment.

Gardnerella vaginalis does not directly cause urinary tract infections, but an overgrowth may irritate nearby tissues, leading to discomfort similar to UTI symptoms. Occasionally, bacteria from the vagina may spread to the urinary tract, increasing infection risk. If you experience pain during urination, frequent urination, or persistent irritation, it is advisable to see a doctor for proper diagnosis and treatment.

No, Gardnerella vaginalis and gonorrhoea are different infections caused by unrelated bacteria. G. vaginalis is linked to bacterial vaginosis, which develops when the normal vaginal bacteria become imbalanced, while gonorrhoea is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Although both may cause vaginal discharge or discomfort, their modes of transmission, underlying causes, and treatments differ significantly.

Gardnerella vaginalis and human papillomavirus (HPV) are not directly related, but bacterial vaginosis caused by G. vaginalis can make it easier for HPV and other viruses to infect the cervix by disrupting the natural vaginal barrier. Both conditions affect the genital tract but arise from different causes, as BV results from bacterial imbalance while HPV is a viral infection spread through sexual contact.

Bacterial vaginosis is not typically associated with itching, as it mainly causes abnormal discharge and a strong odour. However, mild irritation or discomfort can occasionally occur, especially if the vaginal pH is significantly altered. Persistent or severe itching is more commonly linked to yeast infections rather than BV. If you experience ongoing itchiness or discharge, it is advisable to see a doctor to confirm the cause and receive suitable treatment.

Yes, Gardnerella vaginalis overgrowth can cause a mild burning sensation, particularly during urination or sexual activity. This occurs when bacterial imbalance leads to inflammation or irritation of the vaginal tissue. The symptom may resemble that of a urinary tract or yeast infection, making proper diagnosis important. If you experience persistent burning or discomfort, it is best to consult a doctor for evaluation and treatment.

Bacterial vaginosis does not usually cause bleeding, but light spotting may sometimes occur due to irritation of the vaginal or cervical lining. Inflammation caused by BV can make these tissues more sensitive, especially after sexual intercourse. If you experience frequent or unexplained bleeding, it is important to see a doctor, as other gynaecological conditions may need to be ruled out through proper examination and testing.

Bacterial vaginosis itself rarely causes cramps, as it mainly affects the vaginal environment rather than the uterus. However, if BV leads to inflammation or spreads to the upper reproductive tract, it may contribute to pelvic discomfort or mild cramping. Persistent or severe cramps could indicate other conditions such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). If you experience ongoing pain or cramping, it is advisable to consult a doctor for further evaluation.